Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 18, Issue 6 , Pages 851-858 , November 2009

Tetracycline labeling as a measure of humeral head viability after 3- or 4-part proximal humerus fracture

  • Lynn A. Crosby, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: 30 E. Apple St., Suite 2200, Dayton, OH 45409.
  • ,
  • Ryan P. Finnan, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
  • ,
  • Christopher G. Anderson, MD

      Affiliations

    • Northwest Orthopaedic Specialists, Spokane, WA
  • ,
  • Jon Gozdanovic

      Affiliations

    • Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH
  • ,
  • Mill W. Miller, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH

References 

  1. Arlot ME, Bonjean M, Chavassieux PM, Meunier PJ. Bone histology in adults with aseptic necrosis. Histomorphometric evaluation of iliac biopsies in seventy-seven patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983;65:1319–1327
  2. Brooks CH, Revell WJ, Heatley FW. Vascularity of the humeral head after proximal humeral fractures. An anatomical cadaver study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1993;75:132–136
  3. D'Ambrosia RD, Riggins RS, Stadalnik RC, DeNardo GL. Vascularity of the femoral head. Tc diphosphonate scintigraphy validated with tetracycline labeling. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1976;121:143–148
  4. Dahners LE, Bos GD. Fluorescent tetracycline labeling as an aid to debridement of necrotic bone in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. J Orthop Trauma. 2002;16:345–346
  5. DeFranco MJ, Brems JJ, Williams GR, Iannotti JP. Evaluation and management of valgus impacted four-part proximal humerus fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006;442:109–114
  6. Dunstan CR, Evans RA. Quantitative bone histology: a new method. Pathology. 1980;12:255–264
  7. Duparc F, Muller JM, Freger P. Arterial blood supply of the proximal humeral epiphysis. Surg Radiol Anat. 2001;23:185–190
  8. Esser RD. Treatment of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus with a modified cloverleaf plate. J Orthop Trauma. 1994;8:15–22
  9. Fankhauser F, Boldin C, Schippinger G, Haunschmid C, Szyszkowitz R. A new locking plate for unstable fractures of the proximal humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005;430:176–181
  10. Faugere MC, Malluche HH. Comparison of different bone-biopsy techniques for qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of metabolic bone diseases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983;65:1314–1318
  11. Frich LH, Sojbjerg JO, Sneppen O. Shoulder arthroplasty in complex acute and chronic proximal humeral fractures. Orthopedics. 1991;14:949–954
  12. Gerber C, Schneeberger AG, Vinh TS. The arterial vascularization of the humeral head. An anatomical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72:1486–1494
  13. Gerber C, Werner CM, Vienne P. Internal fixation of complex fractures of the proximal humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2004;86:848–855
  14. Helmy N, Hintermann B. New trends in the treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006;442:100–108
  15. Hertel R, Hempfing A, Stiehler M, Leunig M. Predictors of humeral head ischemia after intracapsular fracture of the proximal humerus. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2004;13:427–433
  16. Hessmann M, Gotzen L, Gehling H, Baumgaertel F, Klingelhoeffer I. Operative treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures: two-year results in 99 cases. Acta Chir Belg. 1998;98:212–219(abstract)
  17. Jakob RP, Miniaci A, Anson PS, Jaberg H, Osterwalder A, Ganz R. Four-part valgus impacted fractures of the proximal humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1991;73:295–298
  18. Laing PG. The arterial supply of the adult humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1956;38-A:1105–1116
  19. Leyshon RL. Closed treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus. Acta Orthop Scand. 1984;55:48–51
  20. Movin T, Sjoden GO, Ahrengart L. Poor function after shoulder replacement in fracture patients. A retrospective evaluation of 29 patients followed for 2-12 years. Acta Orthop Scand. 1998;69:392–396
  21. Meyer C, Alt V, Hassanin H, Heiss C, Stahl JP, Giebel G, et al. The arteries of the humeral head and their relevance in fracture treatment. Surg Radiol Anat. 2005;27:232–237
  22. Naranja RJ, Iannotti JP. Displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2000;8:373–382
  23. Neer CS. Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970;52:1077–1089
  24. Neer CS. Four-segment classification of proximal humeral fractures: purpose and reliable use. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2002;11:389–400
  25. Neer CS. Displaced proximal humeral fractures. II. Treatment of three-part and four-part displacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970;52:1090–1103
  26. Norris TR, Green A, McGuigan FX. Late prosthetic shoulder arthroplasty for displaced proximal humerus fractures. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1995;4:271–280
  27. Panagopoulos AM, Dimakopoulos P, Tyllianakis M, Karnabatidis D, Siablis D, Papadopoulos AX. Valgus impacted proximal humeral fractures and their blood supply after transosseous suturing. Int Orthop. 2004;28:333–337
  28. Rasband WS. ImageJ, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/, 1997-2006.
  29. Recker RR. Bone biopsy and histomorphometry in clinical practice. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1994;20:609–627
  30. Resch H, Beck E, Bayley I. Reconstruction of the valgus-impacted humeral head fracture. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1995;4:73–80
  31. Schlegel TF, Hawkins RJ. Displaced proximal humeral fractures: Evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1994;2:54–78
  32. Sherrard DJ, Maloney NA. Single-dose tetracycline labeling for bone histomorphometry. Am J Clin Pathol. 1989;91:682–687
  33. Speck M, Regazzoni P. [4-fragment fractures of the proximal humerus. Alternative strategies for surgical treatment]. Unfallchirurg. 1997;100:349–353(abstract)
  34. Speer KP, Quarles LD, Harrelson JM, Nunley JA. Tetracycline labeling of the femoral head following acute intracapsular fracture of the femoral neck. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991;267:224–227
  35. Stableforth PG. Four-part fractures of the neck of the humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1984;66:104–108
  36. Stadalnik RC, Riggins RL, D'Ambrosia R. DeNardo GL.Vascularity of the femoral head:18fluorine scintigraphy validated with tetracycline labeling. Radiology. 1975;114:663–666
  37. Stromqvist B, Hansson LI. Femoral head vitality in femoral neck fracture after hook-pin internal fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984;191:105–109
  38. Stromqvist B, Hansson LI, Palmer J, Thorngren KG. Femoral head vitality at reoperation for femoral neck fracture complications. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1984;103:235–240
  39. Sturzenegger M, Fornaro E, Jakob RP. Results of surgical treatment of multifragmented fractures of the humeral head. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1982;100:249–259
  40. Tanner MW, Cofield RH. Prosthetic arthroplasty for fractures and fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983;179:116–128
  41. Trumble TE. Avascular necrosis after scaphoid fracture: a correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and histology. J Hand Surg [Am]. 1990;15:557–564
  42. Wanner GA, Wanner-Schmid E, Romero J, Hersche O, von Smekal A, Trentz O, et al. Internal fixation of displaced proximal humeral fractures with two one-third tubular plates. J Trauma. 2003;54:536–544
  43. Wijgman AJ, Roolker W, Patt TW, Raaymakers EL, Marti RK. Open reduction and internal fixation of three and four-part fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002;84-A:1919–1925
  44. Wretenberg P, Ekelund A. Acute hemiarthroplasty after proximal humerus fracture in old patients. A retrospective evaluation of 18 patients followed for 2-7 years. Acta Orthop Scand. 1997;68:121–123
  45. Zyto K. Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. Injury. 1998;29:349–352
  46. Zyto K, Ahrengart L, Sperber A, Tornkvist H. Treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1997;79:412–417
  47. Zyto K, Wallace WA, Frostick SP, Preston BJ. Outcome after hemiarthroplasty for three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1998;7:85–89

PII: S1058-2746(09)00075-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2008.12.016

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 18, Issue 6 , Pages 851-858 , November 2009