Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 16, Issue 3 , Pages 260-267 , May 2007

Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the simple shoulder test: Psychometric properties by age and injury type

  • Jenna Godfrey, MSPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
    • The Steadman Hawkins Clinic Denver, Greenwood Village, CO
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Jenna Godfrey, MSPH, 181 W Meadow Dr, Suite 100, Vail, CO 81657.
    • ,
  • Richard Hamman, MD, DrPH

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
    • ,
  • Steven Lowenstein, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
    • Department of Surgery (Division of Emergency Medicine), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
    • ,
  • Karen Briggs, MBA, MPH

      Affiliations

    • The Steadman Hawkins Research Foundation, Vail, CO
    • ,
  • Mininder Kocher, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA
    • Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.

References 

  1. Beaton D, Richards RR. Assessing the reliability and responsiveness of 5 shoulder questionnaires. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1998;7:565–572
  2. Beaton DE, Katz JN, Fossel AH, Wright JG, Tarasuk V, Bombardier C. Measuring the whole or the parts? (Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand outcome measure in different regions of the upper extremity). J Hand Ther. 2001;14:128–146
  3. Beaton DE, Richards RR. Measuring function of the shoulder (A cross-sectional comparison of five questionnaires). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78:882–890
  4. Beaton DE, Schemitsch E. Measures of health-related quality of life and physical function. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003;90–105
  5. Bot SD, Terwee CB, van der Windt DA, Bouter LM, Dekker J, de Vet HC. Clinimetric evaluation of shoulder disability questionnaires: a systematic review of the literature. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004;63:335–341
  6. Cook KF, Gartsman GM, Roddey TS, Olson SL. The measurement level and trait-specific reliability of 4 scales of shoulder functioning: an empiric investigation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82:1558–1565
  7. Kane R. Outcome measures. In:  Kane R editors. Understanding health care outcomes research. Gaithersburg: Aspen Publishers; 1997;p. 17–18
  8. Kirkley A, Griffin S, Dainty K. Scoring systems for the functional assessment of the shoulder. Arthroscopy. 2003;19:1109–1120
  9. Kocher M, Horan MP, Briggs KK, Richardson TR, O’Holleran J, Hawkins RJ. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons subjective shoulder scale in patients with shoulder instability, rotator cuff disease, and glenohumeral arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87:2006–2011
  10. L’Insalata JC, Warren RF, Cohen SB, Altchek DW, Peterson MG. A self-administered questionnaire for assessment of symptoms and function of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79:738–748
  11. Lippitt ST, Harryman DT, Matsen FA. A practical tool for evaluating function: the Simple Shoulder Test. In:  Matsen FA,  Fu FH,  Hawkins RJ editor. The shoulder: a balance of mobility and stability. Rosemont (IL): American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 1992;p. 501–518
  12. Lohr KN, Aaronson NK, Alonso J, Burnam MA, Patrick DL, Perrin EB, et al. Evaluating quality-of-life and health status instruments: development of scientific review criteria. Clin Ther. 1996;18:979–992
  13. Matsen FA. Simple Shoulder Test. 2005;February 10. Available from: URL: http://www.orthop.washington.edu/shoulder_elbow/technical/shouldertest/01 Accessed April 24, 2005
  14. Michener LA, McClure PW, Sennett BJ. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, patient self-report section: reliability, validity, and responsiveness. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2002;11:587–594
  15. Misamore GW, Ziegler DW, Rushton JL. Repair of the rotator cuff (A comparison of results in two populations of patients). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1995;77:1335–1339
  16. QualityMetric (The SF-12: an even shorter health survey). Lincoln (RI): QualityMetric; 2005;
  17. Roach KE, Budiman-Mak E, Songsiridej N, Lertratanakul Y. Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritis Care Res. 1991;4:143–149
  18. Roddey TS, Olson SL, Cook KF, Gartsman GM, Hanten W. Comparison of the University of California-Los Angeles Shoulder Scale and the Simple Shoulder Test with the shoulder pain and disability index: single-administration reliability and validity. Phys Ther. 2000;80:759–768
  19. Skutek M, Fremerey RW, Zeichen J, Bosch U. Outcome analysis following open rotator cuff repair (Early effectiveness validated using four different shoulder assessment scales). Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2000;120:432–436
  20. Tashjian RZ, Henn RF, Kang L, Green A. The effect of comorbidity on self-assessed function in patients with a chronic rotator cuff tear. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:355–362
  21. Wolf JM, Green A. Influence of comorbidity on self-assessment instrument scores of patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002;84:1167–1173

PII: S1058-2746(06)00207-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2006.07.003

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 16, Issue 3 , Pages 260-267 , May 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution