Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 12, Issue 6 , Pages 566-568 , November 2003

Terrible triad of the shoulder

  • Stephen D Simonich, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
    • ,
  • Thomas W Wright, MD,

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Thomas W. Wright, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Box 100246, Health Science Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0246, USA

References 

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  2. Brown T, Newton P, Steinmann S, Levine W, Bigliani L. Rotator cuff tears and associated nerve injuries. Orthopedics. 2000;23:329–332
  3. Donovan WH, Kraft GH. Rotator cuff tear versus suprascapular nerve injury (a problem in differential diagnosis). Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1974;55:424–428
  4. Drez D. Suprascapular neuropathy in the differential diagnosis of rotator cuff injuries. Am J Sports Med. 1993;16:130–147
  5. Gonzalez D, Lopez R. Concurrent rotator cuff tear and brachial plexus palsy associated with anterior dislocation of the shoulder. A report of two cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991;73:620–621
  6. Groh G, Rockwood C. The terrible triad (anterior dislocation of the shoulder associated with rupture of the rotator cuff and injury to the brachial plexus). J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1995;4:51–54
  7. Guven O, Akbar Z, Yalcin S, Gundes H. Concomitant rotator cuff tear and brachial plexus injury in association with anterior shoulder dislocation (unhappy triad of the shoulder). J Orthop Trauma. 1994;8:429–430
  8. Kaplan PE, Kernahan WT. Rotator cuff rupture (management with suprascapular neuropathy). Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1984;65:273–275
  9. Kay SP, Yaszemski MJ, Rockwood CA. Acute tear of the rotator cuff masked by simultaneous palsy of the brachial plexus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:611–612
  10. Lastayo P, Wright T, Jaffe R, Hartzel J. Continuous passive motion after repair of the rotator cuff (a prospective outcome study). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998;80:1002–1011
  11. Neviaser RJ, Neviaser TJ, Neviaser JS. Anterior dislocation of the shoulder and rotator cuff rupture. Clin Orthop. 1993;291:103–106
  12. Neviaser RJ, Neviaser TJ, Neviaser JS. Concurrent rupture of the rotator cuff and anterior dislocation of the shoulder in the older patient. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:1308–1311
  13. Roach KE, Budiman-Mak E, Songsiridej N, Lertratanakul Y. Development of a shoulder pain and disability index. Arthritic Care Res. 1991;4:143–149
  14. Toolanen G, Hildingsson C, Hedlund T, Kribestol M, Oberg L. Early complications after anterior dislocation of the shoulder in patients over 40 years (an ultrasonographic and electromyographic study). Acta Orthop Scand. 1993;64:549–552

PII: S1058-2746(03)00216-7

doi: 10.1016/S1058-2746(03)00216-7

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Volume 12, Issue 6 , Pages 566-568 , November 2003

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